Search results for "potential [nucleon nucleon]"

showing 10 items of 400 documents

Involvement of cholinergic nicotinic receptors in the menthol-induced gastric relaxation.

2014

We have previously demonstrated that menthol reduces murine gastric tone in part through a neural mechanism, involving adrenergic pathways and reduction of ongoing release of acetylcholine from enteric nerves. In the present study we aimed to verify whether the gastric relaxation to menthol may be triggered by interaction with neural receptors or ionic channels proteins, such as transient receptor potential (TRP)-melastatin8 (TRPM8), TRP-ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), 5-hydroxytriptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor or cholinergic nicotinic receptors. Spontaneous mechanical activity was detected in vitro as changes in intraluminal pressure from isolated mouse stomach. Menthol (0.3-30 mM) induced gastric relaxati…

AgonistMalemedicine.medical_specialtySerotoninmedicine.drug_classDimethylphenylpiperaziniumMuscle RelaxationTRPM Cation ChannelsPharmacologyReceptors NicotinicSettore BIO/09 - Fisiologiachemistry.chemical_compoundMiceGanglion type nicotinic receptorTransient Receptor Potential ChannelsIsothiocyanatesInternal medicinemedicineTRPM8AnimalsSerotonin 5-HT3 Receptor AntagonistsRNA MessengerTRPA1 Cation ChannelPharmacologyStomachmenthol gastric relaxation TRPM8 TRPA1 nicotinic receptorsReceptor antagonistOndansetronMice Inbred C57BLMentholEndocrinologyNicotinic agonistchemistryPurinesHexamethoniumAcetanilidesAlpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptorGastrointestinal Motilitymedicine.drugEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Conformational studies into N-methylation of alanine diamide models: A quantitative approach

2006

Abstract A systematic theoretical analysis was performed on N -acetyl- l -alanine N ′-methylamide (Ac- l -Ala-NHMe) and the analogues methylated on the N-terminus (Ac- l -(Me)Ala-NHMe), C-terminus (Ac- l -Ala-NMe 2 ), and both N/C-termini (Ac- l -(Me)Ala-NMe 2 ), to evaluate the influence of methylation of the amide group on the conformational properties of the affected residues. The ϕ , ψ potential energy surfaces were calculated at the B3LYP/6-31+G**//HF/3-21G level of theory with inclusion of the solvent (water) effect (SCRF method). The conformers localised were fully optimised at the B3LYP/6-31+G** in vacuo. The accessible areas of the potential energy surfaces; the number of conformer…

AlanineHydrogen bondStereochemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistrySolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAmidePotential energy surfacePeptide bondMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConformational isomerismJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Thuoux and Saint-Pierre d’Argençon Sections (Subalpine Basin, Southeastern France): Case Studies of Ammonite Biostratigraphy for the Potential Candid…

2014

The Thuoux and Saint-Pierre d’Argencon sections (Subalpine Basin, southeastern France) display a thick silty–clayey sedimentation with abundant and diversified ammonite faunas, free of detectable hiatuses. The Callovian–Oxfordian boundary is biostratigraphically located between the Lamberti and the Mariae zones or, more precisely, between the Lamberti Subzone (paucicostatum horizon) and the Scarburgense Subzone (thuouxensis horizon). The mixing of Boreal–Sub-Boreal Cardioceratinae and Sub-Mediterranean–Tethyan Hecticoceratinae, Peltoceratinae, and Perisphinctinae in this basin allows reliable worldwide correlations that enhance the choice of the Thuoux and Saint-Pierre d’Argencon sections a…

AmmoniteHorizon (archaeology)biologyPotential candidateBiostratigraphyStructural basinbiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_languageGlobal Boundary Stratotype Section and PointPaleontologylanguageMontane ecologyPeltoceratinaeGeology
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Integrated stratigraphy of the potential candidate Oxfordian GSSP at Thuoux and Saint-Pierre d'Argençon (France).

2013

5 pages; International audience; The Thuoux and Saint-Pierre d'Argençon sections (Subalpine Basin, southeastern France) are proposed as a potential GSSP candidate for the Callovian-Oxfordian boundary. Several aspects of stratigraphy that have recently been applied in the two selected sections are discussed, including ammonite and nannofossil biostratigraphy, palynology, physical stratigraphy, and cyclostratigraphy.

AmmonitePalynology010506 paleontologyGSSPCallovianPotential candidateBiostratigraphyCyclostratigraphyBiostratigraphy010502 geochemistry & geophysics[ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy01 natural scienceslanguage.human_languageGlobal Boundary Stratotype Section and PointOxfordianPaleontologySubalpine BasinStratigraphyChemostratigraphy[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/StratigraphylanguagePhysical stratigraphyChemostratigraphyGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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The Ã 1Au state and the T2 potential surface of acetylene: Implications for triplet perturbations in the fluorescence spectra of the à state

1996

The cis–trans isomerization reaction on the T2 surface of acetylene and the lowest excited singlet state of acetylene, A 1Au, are investigated by ab initio electronic structure theory. We report optimized geometries, dipole moments, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of stationary points and adiabatic energy differences between them using basis sets as large as triple‐ζ plus double polarization with higher angular momentum functions, TZ(2df,2pd), and theoretical methods up to coupled‐cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] and the equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster method (EOM‐CCSD). Our theoretical predictions should aid the interpretation of observat…

Angular momentumZeeman effectChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureQuantum chemistryPotential energyDipolesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundAcetylenePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Nonclassical d 0 Cyclopentadienyl Polyhydride Complexes of Molybdenum and Tungsten

1998

Low-temperature protonation of compounds Cp{sup *}MH{sub 5}(PMe{sub 3}) (M = Mo, 1; W, 2) by HBF{sub 4}{center_dot}Et{sub 2}O in CD{sub 2}Cl{sub 2} or CDFCl{sub 2} affords the thermally unstable hexahydride derivatives [Cp{sup *}MH{sub 6}(PMe{sub 3})]{sup +} (M = Mo, 3; W, 4). The corresponding protonation of 1- and 2-d{sup 5} affords 3- and 4-d{sup 5}, respectively. The {Delta}{delta} on going from H{sub 6} to HD{sub 5} is small for both compounds, but positive for 3 and negative for 4, and no isotopic perturbation of resonance (IPR) is observed. The T{sub 1min} at 400 MHz for [Cp{sup *}MH{sub 6}(PMe{sub 3})]{sup +} apparently doubles on going from Mo to W (52 ms for 3 and approximately 10…

AnionsReaction mechanismschemistry.chemical_elementProtonation010402 general chemistryLigands01 natural sciencesInorganic ChemistryCyclopentadienyl complexChemical structureMathematical methodsComputational chemistryMolecule[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010405 organic chemistryHydrideOrganic Chemistry3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryChemical bondMolybdenumPotential energy surfaceDihydrogen complex
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Gradient elasticity and nonstandard boundary conditions

2003

Abstract Gradient elasticity for a second gradient model is addressed within a suitable thermodynamic framework apt to account for nonlocality. The pertinent thermodynamic restrictions upon the gradient constitutive equations are derived, which are shown to include, besides the field (differential) stress–strain laws, a set of nonstandard boundary conditions. Consistently with the latter thermodynamic requirements, a surface layer with membrane stresses is envisioned in the strained body, which together with the above nonstandard boundary conditions make the body constitutively insulated (i.e. no long distance energy flows out of the boundary surface due to nonlocality). The total strain en…

Applied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationGeometryMechanicsEquilibrium equationCondensed Matter PhysicsTotal strainMinimum total potential energy principleQuantum nonlocalityMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceBoundary value problemSurface layerElasticity (economics)MathematicsInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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A quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics study of dissociative electron transfer : The methylchloride radical anion in aqueous solution

2002

The dissociative electron transfer reaction CH3Cl+e−→CH3•+Cl− in aqueous solution is studied by using a QM/MM method. In this work the quantum subsystem (a methylchloride molecule plus an electron) is described using density functional theory while the solvent (300 water molecules) is described using the TIP3P classical potential. By means of molecular dynamics simulations and the thermodynamic integration technique we obtained the potential of mean force (PMF) for the carbon–chlorine bond dissociation of the neutral and radical anion species. Combining these two free energy curves we found a quadratic dependence of the activation free energy on the reaction free energy in agreement with Ma…

Aqueous solutionChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamic integrationFree radicalsMolecular dynamics methodOrganic compounds ; Dissociation ; Charge exchange ;Free radicals ; Negative ions ; Molecular dynamics method ; Digital simulationKinetic energyNegative ionsUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaMolecular dynamicsElectron transferQuantum mechanicsOrganic compoundsMoleculeDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPotential of mean forcePhysics::Chemical PhysicsCharge exchangeDigital simulation:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Dissociation
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Archaeogenetics and Landscape Dynamics in Sicily during the Holocene: A Review

2021

The Mediterranean islands and their population history are of considerable importance to the interpretation of the population history of Europe as a whole. In this context, Sicily, because of its geographic position, represents a bridge between Africa, the Near East, and Europe that led to the stratification of settlements and admixture events. The genetic analysis of extant and ancient human samples has tried to reconstruct the population dynamics associated with the cultural and demographic changes that took place during the prehistory and history of Sicily. In turn, genetic, demographic and cultural changes need to be understood in the context of the environmental changes that took place…

Archaeogeneticspast vegetationGeography Planning and DevelopmentPopulationTJ807-830Context (language use)Potential natural vegetationManagement Monitoring Policy and LawTD194-195Renewable energy sourcespaleobotanyPrehistoryHuman settlementanthropologyGE1-350educationancient DNAeducation.field_of_studyhistorical ecologyEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentpopulation geneticsBuilding and ConstructionBiodiversity hotspotEnvironmental sciencesGeographyEthnologyMediterranean IslandsHistorical ecologySustainability
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Temperature at Small Scales: A Lower Limit for a Thermodynamic Description

2011

We analyze the concept of equilibrium temperature in a set of interacting argon atoms, confined in a nanostructure, a zeolite with an intricate distribution of channels through which the atoms may move. The temperature is computed following two procedures: by averaging over the kinetic energy of the particles and over the forces acting on them. It is shown that for external surfaces and for regions which do not fall under the whole pattern of potential energy distribution, smaller than a quarter of a crystal unit cell, both temperatures, kinetic and configurational, show significant differences. The configurational temperature accounts for the different interactions on the particles in the …

ArgonNanostructureMean kinetic temperatureThermodynamic equilibriumchemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsKinetic energyPotential energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystalchemistryNano-Materials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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